Response surface, neural network, and experimental approach to optimize process parameters and characterization of Al-Mg alloy by friction stir welding

In the present study, an interaction relationship has been developed by following a design matrix consisting of few combinations tool rotational speed, traverse and pin configurations to understand evolution structural mechanical properties friction stir welded (FSW) Al-Mg alloy. The alloy was characterized in terms microstructure analysis different zones weld using optical scanning electron microscope. such as bulk & micro hardness, tensile strength were evaluated Brinell, Vickers hardness tester, tensometer respectively. textures grain size three obtained beam scattered diffraction (EBSD). Further, confirmation test conducted ensure reliability. Results reveal that process parameters profile influence joints. straight square configuration optimal structure for welding at speed 1000 rpm 40 mm/min, produced defect free with highest 136.25 MPa, bulk-hardness 80.41 BHN, micro-hardness 82 VHN comparison rest considered investigation under same conditions. A fine recrystallized equiaxed partial fiber texture evolved nugget zone. measured experimental values agreed predicted data well.